Cutter-head and cutter.



A. F. PRESTON.

CUTTER HEAD AND CUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, 19M.

Patented Dec. 12, 1916.

Invert Z367 T A d ALBERT-IE. ransroiv, or BOSTO1\T,-MASSAOI-IUSETTS.

CUTTERsI-IEAD AND CUTTER.

. specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedglDec. 12,1916.

Original application filed ,October 10, 1912,,Seria1 No. 725,075. Patent No. 1,105,534, dated July 28,1914.

Divided and this application filed March, 1914. Serial Ida-822,323.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBE T F. PRESTON, a citizen of the United States, and. resident of Boston, in the county of Suflolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cutter-Heads and Gutters, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relatesto an improved cutter head and detachable cutter therefor.

The specific embodiment of theinvention here illustrated has been designed as part of the cutting mechanism of a machinefor grading and cutting out patterns, illustrated in my application for patent for power cutting, grading machine, filed October 10, 1912, Serial Number 725,07 5, patented July 28, 1914, Number 1,105,534, and was origi- 115 113 Claimed in saidapplication. The pics ent applicationis a division of that above identified.

The principles of the invention involved in the herein described cutter head and cutter are applicable to many varied uses and machines, in addition to the use and machine in connection with which the inven tion is here illustrated.

The obj e0 3 0f the invention isto provide a simple and inexpensive means'by which a cutter may be firmly secured in acutter head so that there is no danger of its becoming accidentally displaced, while at the same time it can be readily removed when occasion requires.

In the accompanying drawingsforming a part of this application, wherein I have illustrated an embodiment of my invention adapted for use in a pattern cuttingmachine, Figure 1 .is a sectional View of the part of such machine in which my improved cutter is embodied. Fig, 2 is an elevation as seen from the left of F 1 .of the cutter and the part of the machine in which the same is mounted. Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is an elevation in detail of a partof the operatingmeans for the cutter. 'Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are perspective viewsshowing forms which maybe given to the cutter within the scope of my invention for carrying out the particular object of the invention.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings the character cutters 12 and 18 are respectively mounted. The blocker head 11 is arranged to slide in a guideway 16 at one end of the jaw 14, and is retained insuch guidewayby a cover plate 17 It is reciprocated by a shaft 18 turning in bearings in the .jaw 14 and ca rrying an eccentric crank pin 19 on which there is mounted an antifriction roll 20.

Such roll enters a notch or recess 21 in the back of the cutter block 11, in which it is free' to travel laterally while moving the block back and forth. In the embodiment of the invention hereshown the block-11 is narrower than the outer circumference of the path in which the roll 20 travels, wherefore the sides of the gui deway are enlarged at 22 ,and 23 t0 permit complete rotation of the roll. These enlargenientahowever,

are details which concern onlytheparticular machine wherein the invention ishere shown as being used, and are not limiting.

features of the invention. The knife 12, being operated reciprocatively as above described, travels so that the cutting edge 24 at the projecting end moves toward and from the complemental edge of the stationary cutter 13, and may cross. such complemental edge. The, stationary cutter is preferably a disk having its cutting edge formed between its peripheryand its rear "face, and it is secured to the jaw 15, by a screw 25 in the center of the disk, which screw may be loosened to permit turning of the disk when a used portion of its edge becomes dull, .so as to present asharp unused portion of the edge adjacent to the path of the knife 12.

The feature in which ,mypresent invention particularly resides relates to the cooperative construction of the cutter block 11 and knife 12. The knife .here shown is made of a section cut from a prismatic bar 7 of steel or other material, one end of which is formed with a cutting edge 24 and the other end of which is insertedin a socket in the block 11. Preferably the block is reversible and contains two sockets 26, one at 'each endand each adapted to contain the socket by being distorted from its true prismatic shape, either by being bent or sprung between its ends, as shown in Fig. 5, or by being twisted. as shown in Fig. 6, or by being both bent and twisted as shown in Fig. 7. This distortion is given to the knife before the latter is hardened and tempered, whereby the knife receives a permanent set which is resilient and permits of elastic distortion back to a form approximating that of the socket. Thus when the knife is forced into the socket it is caused to bind against the walls of the socket with a resilient pressure sufliciently powerful to prevent the knife from falling or jarring out of the socket. The knife may, however, be readily enough removed when necessary by the ap plication of positive force sufficient to overcome the resillent binding of the knife in the socket. For this purpose the knife block has a passage 27 leading from the bottom of the socket into the notch 21 occupied by the driving roll. A similar passage leads from the socket at the other end of the block and both passages are in alinement. Thus when the block 11 is removed from its guide a pin may be passed through the open socket and the alined passages 27 and may be used to drive out the knife.

I do not intend to limit my invention to a cutter or knife which is prismatic in form, since the principles of the invention may be applied as well to knives of other forms in cross section. The quality of binding which is given to the knife by having a permanent bend formed in it, may be given to a knife of any form, even when such form is the extreme one of a cylindrical punch. The capability of binding which is given by twisting the knife may be applied to almost any form of knife or punch except that which I is circular in cross section. The important feature of the invention is that that portion, or shank of the knife which enters the socket in the holder is of elastic material having a single straight cutting edge, or to a knife carrying block of the form shown in the drawings, or to a block of any form having neither more nor less than two knife receiving sockets. form, whatever may be its cross sectional A knife or cutterof any outline or the outline of its cutting edge, may be made 1n accordance with my lnvention, provided the essentials above indicated are followed, and a' knife holder of any shape and character, whether movable or stationary, and adapted to be moved by any means whatever, is also within the scope of my invention when complying with such 0:;- sentials.

WVhat I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The combination of a knife and its holder, said holder having a socket of approximately the same shape and size as a portion of the knife, and the knife being permanently set out of exact accordance with the form of the socket, and being of elastic material, whereby said knife upon being inserted in the socket is distorted elastically and caused to bind resiliently against the walls of the socket.

2. The combination of a knife block or holder and a knife, said block having a socket adapted to receive one end of the knife, and the knife being of such form approximately the same as that of the socket but slightly out of true therewith, that when inserted into the socket the knife is sprung from its normal shape and caused to bind resiliently against the walls of the socket.

3. The combination of a cutter having a shank in the form of a bar, non-circular in cross section and a cutter carrier having a socket shaped similar to and of a size to fit closely about the bar, the bar being both twisted and bent so as to bind resiliently in the socket.

4. The combination of a cutter having a shank in the form of a bar, non-circular in cross section and a cutter carrier having a. socket shaped similar to and of a size to fit closely about the bar, the bar being bent out of true with the socket sufiiciently to bind resiliently against the walls of the socket.

5. The combination of a cutter having a shank in the form of a bar, non-circular in cross section and a cutter carrier having a socket shaped similar to and of a size to fit I closely to the bar, the bar being twisted sulfisocket and caused to bind against the sides thereof.

-7. The combination of a cutter block or holder having a socket and a cutter or knife having a shank adapted to enter said socket, the said socket and cutter shank being of similar form and size in cross section, and the shank having a permanent set out of the exact form of the socket, whereby said shank upon being inserted in the socket is elastically distorted and caused to bear against the walls of the socket. A

8. The combination of a cutter block 0 holder having a socket and a cutter or knife having a shank adapted to enter said socket, the said socket and cutter shank being of similar form and size in cross section, and the shank having a permanent set out of the exact form of the socket, whereby said shank upon being inserted in the socket is elastically distorted and caused to bear against the walls of the socket, and the holder having a passage running from the socket adapted to receive an instrument for expelling the knife therefrom.

9. A cutter instrument comprising in combination, a block having a socket which is non-circular in cross section and having a passage running from the bottom of the socket and open at the end opposite to the socket for insertion of a driving pin, and a cutter or knife having ashank of the same shape and area in cross section as the socket and having a permanent twist, whereby it is distorted, forced into the socket and caused to bind therein.

10. A cutter instrument comprising a block having sockets in its opposite ends and passages extending from the bottoms of the respective sockets, said sockets and passages being in alinement, whereby the instrument may be passed from one socket to the other, and a knife having a shank of the same form and area in cross section as either socket adapted to be inserted therein, and also having a permanent set out of true with the socket, whereby it is elastically distorted when so inserted and is caused to bind against the Walls of the socket.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT F. PRESTON.

Witnesses:

P. W. Pnzznr'rr, HARRY RAHN.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

